Live Review – La Bohème (Vancouver Opera)

Vancouver Opera opened their 2012-2013 season Saturday with Puccini’s ever-popular La Bohème. Not the most creative or thought-provoking choice, perhaps, but there’s no denying that it attracts audiences – the house was nearly sold out, and there were a higher-than-average number of young people attending. VO has been marketing the opera quite aggressively, with ads all over buses, bus stops, and Youtube. I personally was more interested in the cast than the opera – in my 10 years of listening to opera, I’m sure I’ve listened to at least 25 versions of the opera. However, this was my first time seeing the opera live, and I was totally unprepared for the impact the performance had on me.

(c) Vancouver Opera

It helped that Vancouver Opera had assembled a young, attractive cast who was fully capable of singing Puccini’s deceptively simple music. I believe that La Bohème only works well with a young cast. Unless the singers are phenomenal actors or have something interesting to say about the character, watching more mature singers in the lead roles can be vaguely embarrassing. At the same time, the roles are quite heavy – the traditional light-lyric Mimis, Rodolfos, and Musettas can have issues projecting above the orchestra. Thankfully, Vancouver’s cast had the best of both worlds. All of the lead roles were sung by young singers with large voices that will likely develop into heavier repertoire. Our Mimi, for example, also has Donna Elvira and Nedda in her repertoire.

Yesterday night marked tenor Jason Slayden’s international debut. I had seen him in Seattle Opera’s Attila last January, but to be honest, I didn’t pay too much attention to Uldino. However, I’m glad to have had the opportunity to hear him again, because he has a lovely, elegant tone and is a fantastic actor. His Rodolfo was always sensitive and detailed, and his diction was particularly good. I particularly appreciated his unusually complex portrayal of the character – his Rodolfo is not just the dreamy poet, but also the fun roommate and the emotionally abusive boyfriend. As a result, the love affair seemed real, as opposed to a romanticized idea of young love. His ‘Che gelida manina’ was refreshingly realistic and conversational, and was dramatically as well as musically interesting.

Of course, it would be hard not to fall in love with Marianne Fiset’s Mimi. As I’ve mentioned before, she has a full lyric soprano, so she has no issue with being heard in the ensembles in act 2 and the quartet in act 4. However, she is equally adept at singing softly, and in fact took some shocking risks with pianissimo singing that ultimately paid off. The whole first section of ‘Donde lieta’ was sung very quietly and conversationally, and she later allowed her voice to swell into ‘se vuoi serbarla a ricordo d’amor’. It was a stunning effect, which she later repeated with ‘Sono andati’, sung pianissimo with minimal vibrato. Of course, these dynamics are fairly common, but I’ve never heard anybody else do them so well without sounding calculated. Also of note was her strong lower register – many sopranos disappear in the lower phrases in act 3, but she could always be heard.

(c) Vancouver Opera

Of course, Bohème requires a strong supporting cast to make it a really successful production. However, nobody would have mistaken Etienne Dupuis and Krisztina Szabo as Marcello and Musetta for anything other than lead characters. Their tempestuous affair was portrayed on equal terms with Rodolfo and Mimi’s, and served as an effective foil. In the same way, Dupuis’ vigorous Marcello contrasted well with Slayden’s more introverted Rodolfo. Like Fiset, Dupuis has a large voice, and their duet in act 3 was a highlight. It’s clear that Marcello is the emotional ‘centre’ of the group – though he has no aria, act 2 and especially act 3 revolve around him. Despite his charismatic presence, Dupuis never dominates when he’s not supposed to – his ‘Gioventù mia’ in act 2, for example, was not the usual loud reprise of ‘Quando m’en vo’, but simply an important component in the ensemble.

As Musetta, Krisztina Szabo was more than a match for Dupuis’ Marcello. I was skeptical about the casting at first – Szabo is a mezzo who I last saw as Sesto in Mozart’s La Clemenza di Tito. Her other roles (Strauss’ Komponist, Bartok’s Judith, Debussy’s Melisande) are consistent with those of other high lyrics, but I’ve never heard of a mezzo Musetta before. However, she had no problems with the tessitura, and in fact her darker voice suited her conception of the character very well. Many Musettas also sing Mimi, and it’s often hard to differentiate between the two voices. Obviously Szabo had no problem with Musetta’s lower phrases, but the higher notes were no issue either – Musetta is not a role that requires floated high notes anyways. In fact, she did the best diminuendo I’ve heard on the concluding B in ‘Quando m’en vo’. I heard some audience members complain that her acting was too ‘crude’, but I fail to see the problem with a Musetta that takes advantage of her physical attributes – in fact, I would argue that a good Musetta must do that.

It was great to see casting on such a high level throughout the cast. Though it’s not that large of a role, it’s important to have a good Colline – in all of the ensembles, it’s critical to have a solid bass foundation. Stephen Hegedus made the most out of the role, and for once I didn’t wish we could skip over ‘Vecchia zimarra’ straight to ‘Sono andati’. Aaron Durand, who I saw just a few months ago as Danilo in Lehar’s Merry Widow in UBC Opera, was an excellent Schaunard. I believe this was his professional debut, and it was charming to hear so many UBC students cheering him on at the end. he orchestra and chorus were very good, as usual, and conductor Leslie Dala was excellent although there were some balance issues in the first two acts. However, these were resolved by the third act and Dala proved himself to be a sensitive accompanist and collaborator throughout the rest of the opera.

Unfortunately, I can’t say that the physical production was at the same level as the performances. The sets and costumes, rented from OSTL, were very traditional and somewhat cheap-looking. It seems like staging Boheme isn’t as easy as it seems – most traditional productions look too grand, and the minimalist/symbolist productions make the story less immediate. This production was a strange combination of the two, with very traditional costumes and what looks like half of a Zeffirelli production with cardboard cutouts in the background. Particularly entertaining was the bright orange sunset backdrop to act 4 – it was a ‘tramonta’ indeed, but it certainly wasn’t very ‘bella’. However, it was easy to ignore the sets and costumes thanks to Nancy Hermiston’s detailed direction. Any hint of melodrama or stereotypical opera mime was gone, and instead replaced with subtle, natural interactions. What I found interesting was the amount of attention focused on Rodolfo, Marcello, Schaunard, and Colline – this was more a story about friendship than love. Of course, the two relationships (which are definitely not models of healthy relationships, by the way) are critical to the story, but the telling moment comes in act 4, when everyone makes some sort of sacrifice to save Mimi and support Rodolfo. In fact, the final 5 minutes was brilliantly staged – all the characters were very still, as if in shock or uncertainty, and Rodolfo’s outburst at the end was far more shocking as a result.

Also worth noting: La Boheme is often cited as the perfect opera for first-time opera goers. I never believed that to be true – it always seemed idealized and melodramatic. However, I’m starting to see how powerful and totally relatable a good production can be. I’ll be bringing a few friends to the opera for the first time next week – stay tuned!

Opera and Teenagers: ENO’s new ‘Undress for Opera’ campaign

Yesterday, London’s English National Opera announced their new ‘Undress for Opera’ scheme to try and target younger audiences. Led by Terry Gilliam and Damon Albarn, ENO is trying to dispel the common myths about opera – that it’s expensive, snobby, and old-fashioned. For 25 pounds, you get a good seat, access to a synopsis and pre-show chat, as well as a post-show drink with with the cast and crew, all the while wearing whatever you want! Wow! Now, it’s not like we haven’t heard this all before – opera companies have been trying to attract younger audiences for years (as they should), and most of these are common and arguably successful methods. However, what seems to be setting this particular campaign apart is the veritable media and social media frenzy that has ensued. A number of articles have already been published, criticizing the scheme for not being respectful of the opera or democratic (Rupert Myers, in the Guardian), along with a rather more entertaining article questioning why opera companies should attract young audiences at all, since we all have “no money, and when [we] do [we] spend it all on super-strong alcohol, rolling tobacco and condoms” (I’m not even kidding – that was Bryony Gordon, who proudly proclaims that she’s never been to the opera, in the Telegraph). Perhaps I’m not being entirely fair – both articles make fair points, and it’ll be interesting to see how this works out for ENO.

The largest debate seems to be about the dress code – do we have to dress up, or is it alright to show up in jeans? The thesis of Myers’ article is that dressing up is both democratic and respectful. He argues that contrary to its ‘elite’ image, dressing up in fact democratizes the audience. Buying a blazer or cocktail dress doesn’t have to be expensive, and somehow ‘equalizes’ the audience and prevents you from being judged. And therein lies the problem – why should I be judged if I don’t show up to a performance in a suit? Myers states correctly that most opera houses don’t have a formal dress code anymore, but in many ways the fellow audience’s judgement is far stricter. There have been times where I’ve had a full day of class, rushed home to change into a dress shirt and a nice pair of dark jeans, only to have some well-dressed lady snarkily proclaim that “teenagers know nothing about opera”. Why should the audience be equalized, anyways? If opera houses are truly trying to appeal to a diverse audience, it’s wrong to force everyone to conform to one social group’s expectation of ‘proper’ dress, no matter how cheap or easy that dress code is to attain.

Myers’ second point is that audience members should dress up to show respect not only for the performers, but also to show respect for the occasion. I think it’s important that we not only show respect for the cast and crew, but as long as I don’t show up in dirty, ripped clothes, I can’t see that being seen as disrespectful. Honestly, I don’t think that Netrebko looks out into the audience every evening to see who’s wearing jeans or dress pants. I would even argue that we must dress a certain way to respect our fellow audience members – don’t go to the opera straight from the gym without showering, and conversely don’t go to the opera having bathed yourself in cologne. Yes, it’s important to be well-groomed and neat, but I take issue with Myers’ inference that because I’m not showing up in a suit and tie, I don’t care about the performance.

To be honest, I’m torn on the issue of dress codes in relation to younger audiences. Yes, many teenagers are attracted by the glamour of the event, and enjoy having an opportunity to dress up and have fun. However, that reinforces the idea of opera as an ‘event’ – a special occasion with a special set of rules. However, if we want to cultivate younger audiences as regulars, I think we need to prove that opera doesn’t HAVE to be an event. Yes, feel free to dress up, but if want to show up in a t-shirt and jeans, that’s alright as well. That way, audiences don’t see opera as a chore in any way – it’s just as easy as going to a movie.

The last word should go to Jessica Duchen, who succinctly states that ultimately, it doesn’t matter what the audience wears. The primary reason why people find opera intimidating is because they’re not exposed. The most important thing for an opera house is to present an interesting, thought-provoking performance with musical integrity, and nobody will even notice what their neighbour is wearing.

Radio Review – L’Elisir d’Amore (The Metropolitan Opera)

I’ve always regretted the fact that I live in a city that doesn’t present that much opera. I’d love to live in New York, London, Paris, Berlin, or any other city that has a multitude of opera houses with a variety of performers and repertoire. However, I have to content myself with radio broadcasts and CDs. As it happens, I’m starting to really enjoy listening to operas without the distraction of the production or acting, and really focus on the music itself. Of course, it’s doesn’t provide you with the full experience of going to see a live opera, but it’s also nice to be able to sit at home with a score and just listen to the singing.

The Metropolitan opera opened their new season on monday with a new production of Donizetti’s L’Elisir d’Amore. Some critics (notably Anthony Tommasini from the NY Times) have complained that the Met presented two Donizetti operas in two successive opening nights, both starring Anna Netrebko. I don’t think this is entirely fair – first of all, the Met originally scheduled Onegin for opening night, and when that production was pushed back a year, they had to quickly schedule another opera for Netrebko, Kwiecien, and Polenzani. Secondly, Anna Bolena and Elisir could not be more different in terms of the storyline, structure, music – they just happen to be by the same composer. Sadly, Elisir is not as ideal for an opening night performance either. Anna Bolena had the advantage of a glamorous cast, a familiar story, plus the fact that the Met had never put on the opera before. Compounded with the fact that the Met had just performed the opera a few months earlier with Florez and Damrau, the opening of the 2012-2013 season made for a somewhat underwhelming opening night.

In my opinion, the most interesting role of the opera is Nemorino – he is the character that turns the plot from cute rom-com to something more serious. I think Donizetti thought so too, because “Adina Credimi” and “Una Furtiva Lagrima” are sudden shifts in mood and key from the preceding scenes (F major to F minor for “Adina Credimi”, E major to B flat minor for “Una Furtiva Lagrima). As a result, Nemorino has to be not only an accomplished bel canto singer but also be an extremely sympathetic actor. Matthew Polenzani is an incredibly talented singer, and showed that technically speaking, he has both the precise coloratura and the legato lines required for bel canto. His “Una Furtiva Lagrima” was beautiful, with enough (tasteful) rubato and pianissimo phrases to make this popular aria sound fresh. However, he simply does not have the charisma to make the character likeable. Of course, I couldn’t see any of his physical acting, and I’m certainly not advocating casting based on looks or acting skill over vocal quality. However, Nemorino has to have a basic vocal glamour (think of Pavarotti or Bergonzi) to make the character sympathetic, and no amount of brilliant technique can compensate for that.

If anything, Anna Netrebko as Adina went too far in the opposite direction. Even over the radio, it was clear that she was having a lot of fun and pretty much dominating the show. It’s a shame that they picked Elisir – the role really isn’t suitable for her voice at this point, and although there aren’t many operas that would suit Netrebko, Kwiecien, and Polenzani, either Arabella or Merry Widow would have been far more suited to her voice. Her voice was simply too large for the role and you could hear her scaling back her voice in the ensembles. In addition, although her coloratura technique has gotten much better over the past year or so, she had to navigate carefully whenever there were fast runs (which in this role, is most of the time). As a result, her singing lacked some of the spontaneity and energy that I usually associate her with. Strangely enough, she seemed to tire out by the end of the opera – understandable in Bolena, but Adina? Nevertheless, it was an exciting performance and she seemed to be having a lot of fun.

Of the four leads, Ambrogio Maestri as Dulcamara was the most consistent. The other three required some time to warm up, but Maestri started off with a very good, if slightly slow, “Udite, o rustici”. I appreciated the fact that he didn’t choose to make Dulcamara a caricature and bellow and mug his way through the role – from the sounds of it, his acting was funny, but he never sacrificed the quality of his singing. He has a very large voice, which is perhaps why his patter stuff wasn’t taken at breakneck speed, but his clear diction helped articulate those passages. Mariusz Kwiecien, on the other hand, seemed to have the opposite problem. As seen from his brilliant Malatesta at the Met, he is a stylish singer and an accomplished technician as well. Unfortunately, as seen from his Enrico also at the met, he sometimes has a tendency to push his voice. His Belcore tended towards the latter, and his first aria displayed a disturbing wobble. Thankfully, his singing even out as the evening went on, but still tended to sound overly aggressive. Anne-Carolyn Bird sounded lovely as Giannetta, and was thankfully non-chirpy in a role that I classify with Sophie in Werther and Lisette in La Rondine in the “annoying perky soubrette” category.

The Met Opera Orchestra sounded fabulous the whole way through, sounding crisper and cleaner than before. Particular kudos to the woodwind section, who must start out the evening some very demanding, exposed solo runs. The chorus was not on the same level, and often sounded behind the beat. However, that may be the fault of conductor Maurizio Benini, who adopted some frankly bizarre tempos. The ridiculously fast tempo he adopted for the chorus before Dulcamara’s entrance caused some online commenters to speculate that he was simply making up for time lost during the interminable scene change right before. In addition, it seemed like some of the tempos hadn’t been coordinated properly – the Nemorino/Belcore duet in particular lacked coordination for the fermatas. The coordination issues had evened themselves out by the middle of the second act, and the flow between the arias and ensembles in the last quarter of the opera was excellent, but it was too late.

Overall, it was a good performance but hardly worthy of a Met opening night. It didn’t help that the two previous Met runs of the opera in 2009 and 2012 had equally glamorous casts: Gheorghiu/Giordano/Vassallo/Alaimo in 2009 and Damrau/Florez/Kwiecien/Corbelli in 2012. Peter Gelb has committed himself to making the Met opening night a major social event – for Elisir to achieve this level of glamour, they have to assemble a glamorous cast well-suited to their roles, a thought-provoking but attractive new production, and very tight coordination between orchestra, chorus, and soloists to achieve maximum excitement. It was a fun performance and Elisir is a charming opera no matter what cast or production is in it, but for Gelb’s vision of the Met, charming won’t cut it.

Joyce DiDonato’s “Drama Queens” – A Prediction

One of the most anticipated releases this year is Joyce DiDonato’s new CD, entitled ‘Drama Queens’, which will be accompanied by a tour that will take her to Carnegie Hall, Baden-Baden, and Berlin, among others. The CD release date is (I believe) October 1st, and in all my fanboy excitement, I’ve tried to piece together the program.

The Liceu website lists the composers – George Frideric Handel, Giuseppe Maria Orlandini, Antonio Cesti, Claudio Monteverdi, Reinhard Keiser, Johann Adolph Hasse, Giovanni Porta, Geminiano Giacomelli, Joseph Haydn and Leonardo Vinci. The San Francisco, London, and Carnegie Hall sites also mention Gluck. The Baden-Baden site lists the characters she will be portraying –  Semiramide, Armida, Berenice, Orontea, Octavia, Iphigenia and Cleopatra.

Giuseppe Maria Orlandini (1676-1760) apparently wrote around 40 operas, but the most well-known are his ‘Nerone’, ‘Antigona’, ‘Arsace’, ‘Artaserse’, and ‘Griselda’. Among these, only ‘Nerone’ and ‘Griselda’ have any of the above-listed characters – Francesca Cuzzoni and Faustina Bordoni sang Poppea and Octavia, respectively, in ‘Nerone’, and Orontea is the daughter of the title character in ‘Griselda’. Arsace is one of the main characters in Rossini’s ‘Semiramide’, of course, but from what I can tell, Orlandini’s opera is about a different Arsace.

Antonio Cesti (1623-1669)’s most famous opera is ‘Orontea’, which will likely be in the program. This opera has been recorded by René Jacobs, with Helga Muller-Molinari, who appears to have a similar vocal range to DiDonato, in the title role. However, Cesti also wrote an opera called ‘Il Cesare Amante’, later revised and retitled ‘Cleopatra’, as well as a later opera called ‘La Semirami’.

Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) was a well-known German composer, whose most famous opera is ‘Octavia’. This opera has a famous aria called ‘Geloso Sospetto’ for mezzo-soprano, so that will likely be on the program. Keiser also wrote an opera called ‘Iphigenia’ as well as an opera about Julius Caesar, so those are possibilities as well.

Not much can be found about Giovanni Porta (1675-1755), who was a close colleague of Vivaldi. Porta’s most famous opera is ‘Numitore’. Again, I couldn’t find much, but soprano Ann Turner Robinson, the first Polisenna in Handel’s ‘Radamisto’, apparently performed in the opera. Numitor was a king of Alba Longa who was later overthrown by his brother, but Numitor’s daughter Rhea Silvia later gave birth to Remus and Romulus – promising territory for some dramatic female singing!

Geminiano Giacomelli (1692-1740) is famous for his aria “Sposa non mi conosci”, which Vivaldi later revised as “Sposa son disprezzata”. DiDonato has been singing this aria in all of her recent recitals, so it’s a pretty safe bet that it will be on the program. Confusingly enough, the aria in its original form appears not to be sung by a queen at all, but rather by a man! Giacomelli also wrote operas called ‘Semiramide riconosciuta’, ‘Cesare in Egitto’, and ‘Achille in Aulide’, which may have roles for Semiramide, Cleopatra, and Iphigenia respectively.

Leonardo Vinci (1690-1730) wrote many, many operas. Among the many are ‘Farnace’ (Berenice may be a character), ‘Semiramide’, ‘Ifigenia in Tauride’, ‘Didone Abbandonata’ (the ultimate drama queen), and ‘La Semiramide riconosciuta’.

That leaves Handel, Haydn, Gluck, Hasse, and Monteverdi, with all of the characters except Armida already covered. Haydn’s Armida is the most likely, although DiDonato may very well be singing one of the arias from Gluck’s ‘Armide’ (I’d love to hear her sing “Enfin il est en ma puissance). I think she’d also be wonderful as Handel’s Armida in ‘Rinaldo’, which is probably more likely than the Gluck.

Of the Handel roles, the most obvious is Cleopatra – while the role is usually sung by a soprano, mezzos have often sang the role (particularly “Piangero”). Every program must have some popular arias, and between Handel’s Cleopatra arias and “Sposa son disprezzata”, that would be enough. However, there are so many other fascinating portrayals of Cleopatra, and I imagine that someone as musically curious as Joyce DiDonato would rather record, say, Hasse’s version. Handel’s ‘Berenice’ is a definite possibility, as well as Ifigenia in ‘Oreste’, although that seems to be a high soprano role.

In addition to his ‘Armida’, Haydn also wrote the famous ‘Scena di Berenice’ (is that even the same Berenice??). Joyce DiDonato has performed the concert aria before, so I’m not sure whether she would include it. None of his other operas would seem to fit the program. Gluck, on the other hand, offers many possibilities. In addition to ‘Armide’, there’s also ‘Iphigenie in Aulide’ and ‘Iphigenie in Tauride’. The Aulide Iphigenie is usually a lyric soprano, but the Tauride Iphigenie would be ideal. Clytemnestre in ‘Iphigenie in Aulide’, however, would sit perfectly for her voice. In addition, Gluck also wrote a ‘La Semiramide riconosciuta’ (so many versions!), but I couldn’t find any information on the range of the role.

Hasse also wrote a ‘Semiramide riconosciuta’, in addition to a serenata called ‘Antonio e Cleopatra’. I couldn’t find anything on the Semiramide opera, but ‘Antonio e Cleopatra’ has a great mezzo role. Unfortunately, that role is Antonio – Cleopatra is a high soprano. The Monteverdi selections are more obvious: what could be more fitting than Ottavia’s “Disprezzata Regina”? DiDonato has already recorded her “Addio, Roma”, but she might include that as well. None of his other operas fit the roles listed, although I’d love to hear her as Penelope or in the “Lamento d’Arianna” as well.

No matter what the program ends up being (and given how obscure some of the operas are, I couldn’t find out much anyways!), I have no doubt that the CD and concerts will be great, and this basic research has certainly piqued my interest. I can’t wait!